Introduction
When buying a used car, a thorough checklist can save you money and headaches. By following a step‑by‑step UK‑specific guide you can verify the most important details before you hand over cash, reducing the risk of hidden problems that could cost thousands later.
Verify the vehicle’s identity
Start by confirming the registration number (number plate) matches the V5C logbook and the car’s VIN (engine number) stamped on the chassis. Check that the details on the V5C, the insurance certificate and the vehicle itself are consistent, and make sure the number plate is not a temporary or fake one.
Check MOT and tax status
Use the DVLA’s free MOT history service to see the last test date, mileage at test, any advisory notes and failures. A clean MOT record and up‑to‑date tax are good signs, but pay attention to repeated failures or advisory notes that may point to recurring brake, suspension or emission issues.
Insurance write‑off categories
Ask the seller for the MIAFTR write‑off code. In the UK the categories are:
- Category A – total loss, no parts can be reclaimed; the vehicle must be destroyed.
- Category B – salvageable for parts only; the chassis may be retained but the car cannot be road‑legal.
- Category S (formerly N) – structural damage repaired and approved for road use.
- Category N – non‑structural damage repaired; generally safe but may have hidden issues.
Any write‑off should be disclosed in writing; a Category A or B car is usually unsuitable for road use, while Categories S and N require a thorough inspection to confirm the repairs were carried out properly.
Outstanding finance and PNC checks
Confirm there is no outstanding finance by requesting a finance check from the seller or using a reputable third‑party service. An outstanding loan can be transferred to you if you buy the car, leaving you liable for repayments. Additionally, run a PNC (Police National Computer) check to ensure the vehicle isn’t reported as stolen, has no retained marker, and isn’t listed as a “cloned” plate.
Mileage and clocking
Compare the mileage shown on the odometer with the mileage recorded in the MOT history and any service receipts. Large discrepancies may indicate clocking – the illegal practice of rolling back the odometer. Look for signs of wear that don’t match the stated mileage, such as worn pedals, steering wheel or seat fabric, and ask for a full service book to corroborate the figures.
Previous keepers and service history
The V5C will list the number of previous keepers; fewer keepers often mean a clearer ownership history. Request full service records, receipts for parts and any receipts for major work such as timing belt changes. Regular MOTs, oil changes and documented repairs give confidence that the car has been maintained properly.
Test drive and visual inspection
During the test drive listen for unusual noises, check the brakes for pulsation, verify the steering is straight and assess the suspension over bumps. Inspect the body for uneven panel gaps, mismatched paint, rust around wheel arches or signs of previous accident repair. Check the condition of the tyres, the operation of lights, indicators and the infotainment system.
Final steps
Once you’re satisfied, arrange a written receipt that includes the vehicle’s registration, purchase price, seller’s name and address, and a statement that the car is sold “as seen”. Then, for peace of mind, run a full vehicle check on motorpeek.com using the registration number – it pulls together MOT, write‑off, finance and PNC data in one place, giving you a final safety net before you sign.
Frequently asked questions
What should I look for in a MOT history?
Check the date of the last test, the recorded mileage and any advisory notes or failures. Repeated failures or recurring advisories can signal underlying mechanical issues that may need costly repairs.
How can I tell if a car has been clocked?
Compare the odometer reading with the mileage shown in the MOT history and service records. Significant mismatches, unusually low wear on interior components, or missing service stamps are common red flags.
Can I rely on a seller’s paperwork alone?
Seller paperwork is a useful starting point, but it can be incomplete or inaccurate. Always verify the details with official sources such as the DVLA MOT service, a finance check and a PNC check before finalising the purchase.